In a research paper how much should be cited

A Potential Decline in Life Expectancy in the United States in the 21st Century — NEJM

Once you are satisfied that your paper meets all of the guidelines, submit the paper through the appropriate channels. Some journals allow online submission, while others prefer a hard copy.

Work your way down your list, one at a time, as needed. When submitting online, use your university email account. This connects you with a scholarly institution, which adds credibility to your work.

If you do get one of these, go celebrate! Otherwise, calmly deal with the the reply you get. It will likely be one of the following: Revise and Resubmit — more substantial changes as described are needed before publication can be considered, but the journal is still very interested in your work. Reject and Resubmit — the article is not currently viable for consideration, but substantial alterations and refocusing may be able to change this outcome.

Study their critiques carefully and make the necessary changes.

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Do not get over-attached to your original submission. Instead, remain flexible and rework the paper in light of the feedback you receive.

Use your skills as a researcher and a writer to create a superior paper. Open a dialogue with the editor and explain your position, respectfully but confidently.

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Your research paper thesis statement is like a declaration of your belief. The main portion of your essay will consist of arguments to support and defend this belief. A thesis statement should be provided early in your paper — in the introduction part, or in the second paragraph, if your paper is longer.

It is impossible to create a thesis statement immediately when you have just started fulfilling your assignment.

Before you write a thesis statement, you should collect, organize and analyze materials and your ideas. You cannot make a finally formulated statement before you have completed your reseach paper.

It will naturally change while you develop your ideas. Stay away from generic and too fuzzy statements and arguments. Use a particular subject.

The paper should present something new to the audience to make it interesting and educative to read. Avoid citing other authors in this section. Present your own ideas in your own words instead of simply copying from other writers.

A thesis statement should do the following: Explain the readers how you interpret the subject of the research Tell the readers what to expect from your ending the homework wars Answer the question you were asked Present your claim which other people may want to dispute Make sure your thesis is strong.

If you have time and opportunity, show it to your instructor to revise. Otherwise, you may estimate it yourself.

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Does my statement answer the question of my assignment? Can my position be disputed or opposed? If not, maybe you have just provided a summary instead of creating an argument.

Is my statement precise enough? It should not be too general and vague.

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Does the body of my manuscript support my thesis, or are they different things? Compare them and change if necessary. Remember that changing elements of your work in the process of writing and reviewing is normal.

A well-prepared thesis means well-shaped ideas.

A Potential Decline in Life Expectancy in the United States in the 21st Century

It increases credibility of the paper and makes good impression about its author. Materials and Methods Results what are the results obtained Discussion and Conclusion etc. Tables, figures, and appendix optional An outline might be formal or informal. An informal outline working outline is a tool helping an author put down and organize their ideas. It is subject to revision, addition and canceling, without paying much attention to form.

In a formal outline, numbers and letters are used to arrange topics and subtopics.

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The letters and numbers of the same kind should be placed directly under one another. The topics denoted by their headings and subheadings should be grouped in a logical order. All points of a research paper outline must relate to the same major topic that you first mentioned in your capital Roman numeral.

Example of an outline: Early life in Stratford 1. Life of Anne Hathaway b. Reference in Shakespeare's Poems B. Romeo and Juliet b. Much Ado About Nothing c. Shakespeare's Later Years 1.

Last two plays 2.

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Retired to Stratford a. Epitaph on his tombstone III. Shakespeare's early life 2. Shakespeare's later years B. Concluding statement The purpose of an outline is to help you think through your topic carefully and organize it logically before you start writing. You can usually make your point with a shorter quote. If you do have a good reason to quote a passage that is several lines long: This is different from inline quotes, below.

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If the quotation runs across more than one page: Wordsworth-Fuller or Wordsworth-Fuller Here we have two brief passages, games like a monster ate my homework from the same page of the same source, so we can handle both with a single parenthetical citation.

The parenthetical citation appears outside the quoted material. The period that ends the sentence comes after the close parenthesis. This is different from block quotes, above. In this example, we have changed the first word a little, lowercasing it in order to fit it into our own sentence.

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To let the reader know what we changed, we put [] around it. Again, note the absence of a full sentence that explains who Wordsworth-Fuller is and where the quote comes from. All that info will be in the Works Cited list, so we leave it out of the body of the paper.